Resume of a CIO

I found a very nice pdf doc from Tech Republic about CIO's resume. I think most of the principles mentioned therein also apply to any other job!

Here is the link to the doc

http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B3-ltEYqA7QUZGRjMjUyNGQtM2NhMy00M2U2LWEwNTgtYjdkYTQzYjg5NWRh&hl=en


http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B3-ltEYqA7QUZGRjMjUyNGQtM2NhMy00M2U2LWEwNTgtYjdkYTQzYjg5NWRh&hl=en

gyaan about hostname that is taken wh...

gyaan about hostname that is taken while installing oracle;


the hostname for the machine while installing any oracle product is taken from the variable "hostname"
Now here is a catch.

When you and I type the command "hostname" manually, then we see some value - which actually may not necessarily be picked by the oracle software!
I burnt my fingers in this and I know that.


When I used to give the command  hostname, it gave the output as octopus.
[oracle@octopus bin]$ hostname
octopus.sungardhe.com


But while checking it in the oracle files, it will show as something else!

eg:

[oracle@octopus bin]$ opmnctl status

Processes in Instance: SEED.localhost.localdomain
-------------------+--------------------+---------+---------
ias-component      | process-type       |     pid | status
-------------------+--------------------+---------+---------
DSA                | DSA                |     N/A | Down
LogLoader          | logloaderd         |     N/A | Down
HTTP_Server        | HTTP_Server        |     N/A | Down
dcm-daemon         | dcm-daemon         |   17855 | Alive
WebCache           | WebCache           |     N/A | Down
WebCache           | WebCacheAdmin      |     N/A | Down
OC4J               | home               |   20902 | Alive
OC4J               | OC4J_BI_Forms      |   20840 | Alive





or

[oracle@octopus bin]$ opmnctl status

Processes in Instance: SEED.m038038.sct.com
-------------------+--------------------+---------+---------
ias-component      | process-type       |     pid | status
-------------------+--------------------+---------+---------
DSA                | DSA                |     N/A | Down
LogLoader          | logloaderd         |     N/A | Down
HTTP_Server        | HTTP_Server        |     N/A | Down
dcm-daemon         | dcm-daemon         |   17855 | Alive
WebCache           | WebCache           |     N/A | Down
WebCache           | WebCacheAdmin      |     N/A | Down
OC4J               | home               |   20902 | Alive
OC4J               | OC4J_BI_Forms      |   20840 | Alive







Solution:

After installing it a couple of times and playing around I found that the oracle software picks it up just like the following command picks up the hostname


ping `hostname`

[root@octopus ~]# ping `hostname`
PING localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.025 ms
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms




or

[root@octopus ~]# ping `hostname`
PING octopus.sungardhe.com (149.24.38.38) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from octopus.sungardhe.com (149.24.38.38): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms
64 bytes from octopus.sungardhe.com (149.24.38.38): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.048 ms





This ping command takes it up from /etc/hosts.


Therefore, the entries in the /etc/hosts play a very important role in determining what the instance name will be!


I found that the right order in /etc/hosts so that the above ping command gives the right answer is by putting the desired hostname towards the beginning.

[oracle@octopus bin]$ cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
149.24.38.38    octopus.sungardhe.com   octopus
127.0.0.1       octopus.sungardhe.com octopus.sungardhe.com localhost.localdomain localhost
#AJ ::1         localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
149.24.38.38    m038038.sungardhe.com   m038038

FRM-92150 after applying 10.1.2.3 patchset

After applying the Oracle AS 10.1.2.3 patchset and trying to launch Webforms, you are encountering the below error for all client connection: ------- FRM-92150: WEB Client Version too new ------ Solution Please manually rebuild the shared libraries by following the steps below: 1) ensure ORACLE_HOME is set in the environment 2) ensure all processes running in this oracle home are stopped. 3) enter the following commands at the unix prompt:    cd $ORACLE_HOME/forms/lib  make -f ins_forms.mk sharedlib 4) check the make.log for possible errors 5) if none, then test if the problem remains.

nfs share across Linux machines

in order to nfs share a directory from one linux machine to another, following these steps:


1-  nfs server type -> exportfs -rv
2- chkconfig portmap on
3- chkconfig nfs on
4- service portmap restart
5- service nfs restart
6- showmount -e localhost
This will show all the exported folders.
such as
[root@m039082 etc]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/var/ftp/pub *.sungardhe.com
/iso         *.sungardhe.com


Client side

1- On the client side make sure that the portmap service is running as


service portmap restart

2 Then mount the mount the exported folder as
mount  -t nfs <source_machine>:/path/to/export/<folder> /local_mount/point

Make a file system as swap

Make a file system as swap

use fdisk to create a partition

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (197-621, default 197):<RETURN>
Using default value 197
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (197-621, default 621): +128M


Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): 82
Changed system type of partition 2 to 82 (Linux swap)
Command (m for help): p

#

Now that you have the swap partition, use the command mkswap to setup the swap partition. At a shell prompt as root, type the following:

mkswap /dev/hdb2

#

To enable the swap partition immediately, type the following command:

swapon /dev/hdb2

#

To enable it at boot time, edit /etc/fstab to include:

/dev/hdb2               swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

The next time the system boots, it will enable the new swap partition.
#

After adding the new swap partition and enabling it, make sure it is enabled by viewing the output of the command cat /proc/swaps or free

Root file system read write mount

Today I had to change the mount of a virtual machine.
I umounted the partition, howerver, I forgot to remove its mount line from /etc/fstab.

After I shutdown the machine, I removed the 4 GB physical(i.e virtual) disk from the Virtual Machine.
And then I added another partition of about 5.5 GB.

Then I rebooted the machine.

However, because of my not removing the entry from fstab, the boot failed, and the system went in read only mode.

I wanted to edit the fstab, but was not able to because of the read only mount of the root partition /

I then searched google, and found the way to mount the partition read-write in the following way


i.e. of the root filesystem is currently mounted read only, to remount it read-write, give the following command, at the root prompt.

#mount -n -o remount rw /

After this I was able to edit /etc/fstab - and the machine booted successfully.

10.1.3 - going back to manual editing of files

These days I am installing and implementing 10.1.3 application server.
One important thing that I found in this application server is that we cannot create DADs in 10.1.3 from the EM like we can do from 10.1.2.x.x application server - by clicking on the plsql properties on the HTTP link in the EM.

In 10.1.3.x.x we go back to editing $ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/conf/dads.conf file.


As is also stated in
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B31017_01/web.1013/b28948/confmods.htm#i1055269

Oracle9i Recovery
Manager (RMAN)

Recovery manager is a platform
independent utility for coordinating your backup and restoration procedures
across multiple servers. In my opinion it's value is limited if you only have
on or two instances, but it comes into it's own where large numbers of
instances on multiple platforms are used. The reporting features alone mean
that you should never find yourself in a position where your data is in danger
due to failed backups.



The functionality of RMAN is too diverse to be covered in this article so I
shall focus on the basic backup and recovery functionality.

• Create
  Recovery Catalog
• Register
  Database
• Full
  Backup
• Restore
  & Recover The Whole Database
• Restore
  & Recover A Subset Of The Database
• Incomplete
  Recovery
• Disaster
  Recovery
• Lists
  And Reports

Create Recovery Catalog

First create a user to hold the
recovery catalog:

CONNECT sys/password@w2k1 AS SYSDBA -- Create tablepsace to hold repositoryCREATE TABLESPACE "RMAN" DATAFILE 'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\W2K1\RMAN01.DBF' SIZE 6208K REUSEAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 64K MAXSIZE 32767MEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALSEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO; -- Create rman schema ownerCREATE USER rman IDENTIFIED BY rmanTEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp DEFAULT TABLESPACE rman QUOTA UNLIMITED ON rman; GRANT connect, resource, recovery_catalog_owner TO rman;

Then create the recovery catalog:

C:>rman catalog=rman/rman@w2k1 Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved. connected to recovery catalog databaserecovery catalog is not installed RMAN> create catalog tablespace "RMAN"; recovery catalog created RMAN> exit Recovery Manager complete. C:>

Register Database

Each database to be backed up by
RMAN must be registered:

C:>rman catalog=rman/rman@w2k1 target=sys/password@w2k2 Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved. connected to target database: W2K2 (DBID=1371963417)connected to recovery catalog database RMAN> register database; database registered in recovery catalogstarting full resync of recovery catalogfull resync complete RMAN>

Existing user-created backups can
be added to the catalog using:

RMAN> catalog datafilecopy 'C:\Oracle\Oradata\TSH1.dbf';RMAN> catalog archivelog 'log1', 'log2', 'log3', ... 'logN';

Full Backup

First we configure several
persistant parameters for this instance:

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 7 days;RMAN> configure default device type to disk;RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'C:\Oracle\Admin\W2K2\Backup%d_DB_%u_%s_%p';

Next we perform a complete
database backup using a single command:

RMAN> run {2>   backup database plus archivelog;3>   delete noprompt obsolete;4> }

The recovery catalog should be
resyncronized on a regular basis so that changes to the database structure and
presence of new archive logs is recorded. Some commands perform partial and
full resyncs implicitly, but if you are in doubt you can perform a full resync
using the follwoing command:

RMAN> resync catalog;

Restore & Recover
The Whole Database

If the controlfiles and online
redo logs are still present a whole database recovery can be achieved by
running the following script:

run {  shutdown immediate; # use abort if this fails  startup mount;  restore database;  recover database;  alter database open;}

This will result in all datafiles
being restored then recovered. RMAN will apply archive logs as necessary until
the recovery is complete. At that point the database is opened. If the
tempfiles are still present you can issue a command like like the following for
each of them:

sql "ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD     TEMPFILE ''C:\Oracle\oradata\W2K2\temp01.dbf''      REUSE";

If the tempfiles are missing they
must be recreated as follows:

sql "ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD      TEMPFILE ''C:\Oracle\oradata\W2K2\temp01.dbf''      SIZE 100M      AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 64K";

Restore & Recover A
Subset Of The Database

A subset of the database can be
restored in a similar fashion:

run {  sql 'ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE IMMEDIATE';  restore tablespace users;  recover tablespace users;  sql 'ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE'; }

Incomplete Recovery

As you would expect, RMAN allows
incomplete recovery to a specified time, SCN or sequence number:

run {   shutdown immediate;  startup mount;  set until time 'Nov 15 2000 09:00:00';  # set until scn 1000;       # alternatively, you can specify SCN  # set until sequence 9923;  # alternatively, you can specify log sequence number  restore database;  recover database;  alter database open resetlogs;}

The
incomplete recovery requires the database to be opened using the RESETLOGS option.

Disaster Recovery

In a disaster situation where all
files are lost you can only recover to the last SCN in the archived redo logs.
Beyond this point the recovery would have to make reference to the online redo
logs which are not present. Disaster recovery is therefore a type of incomplete
recovery. To perform disaster recovery connect to RMAN:

C:>rman catalog=rman/rman@w2k1 target=sys/password@w2k2

Once in RMAN do the following:

startup nomount;restore controlfile;alter database mount;

From SQL*Plus as SYS get the last
archived SCN using:

SQL> SELECT archivelog_change#-1 FROM v$database; ARCHIVELOG_CHANGE#-1--------------------             1048438 1 row selected. SQL>

Back in RMAN do the following:

run {  set until scn 1048438;  restore database;  recover database;  alter database open resetlogs;}

If the "until scn" were
not set the following type of error would be produced once a redo log was
referenced:

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 03/18/2003 09:33:19RMAN-06045: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 scn 1048439

With the database open all
missing tempfiles must be replaced:

sql "ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD      TEMPFILE ''C:\Oracle\oradata\W2K2\temp01.dbf''      SIZE 100M      AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 64K";

Once the database is fully
recovered a new backup should be perfomed.



The recovered database will be registered in the catalog as a new incarnation.
The current incarnation can be listed and altered using the following commands:

list incarnation;reset database to incarnation x;

Lists And Reports

RMAN has extensive listing and
reporting functionality allowing you to monitor you backups and maintain the
recovery catalog. Here are a few useful commands:

# Show all backup detailslist backup; # Show items that beed 7 days worth of# archivelogs to recover completelyreport need backup days = 7 database;    # Show/Delete items not needed for recoveryreport obsolete;delete obsolete; # Show/Delete items not needed for point-in-time# recovery within the last weekreport obsolete recovery window of 7 days; delete obsolete recovery window of 7 days; # Show/Delete items with more than 2 newer copies availablereport obsolete redundancy = 2 device type disk;delete obsolete redundancy = 2 device type disk; # Show datafiles that connot currently be recoveredreport unrecoverable database;report unrecoverable tablespace 'USERS';

It's worth spending some time looking
at all the reporting capabilities whilst deciding whether you should switch
from shell scripting to RMAN. It might just influence your decision.



For more information see:

 

Oracle Fusion

I am working on installing and configuring Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g nowadays.
will post my anything unusual here as well.

Vi: Search and Replace

Vi: Search and Replace

Change to normal mode with <ESC>.

Search (Wraped around at end of file):

  Search STRING forward :   / STRING.
  Search STRING backward:   ? STRING.

  Repeat search:   n
  Repeat search in opposite direction:  N  (SHIFT-n)

Replace: Same as with sed,
Replace OLD with NEW:

 
 First occurrence on current line:      :s/OLD/NEW
  
 Globally (all) on current line:        :s/OLD/NEW/g 

 Between two lines #,#:                 :#,#s/OLD/NEW/g
  
 Every occurrence in file:              :%s/OLD/NEW/g 

http://www.felixgers.de/teaching/emacs/vi_search_replace.html

How to add Swap space to Linux

How to add Swap space to Linux

Alternative 1 -> making it on a separate disk

Step 1- Add the disk. (eg /dev/sdf)
Step 2- format it using fdisk
fdisk /dev/sdf
select n
select p for primary, and create it (with cylinders begin and last)
then select t for ( t   change a partition's system id)
select code 82
[root@fusion ~]# fdisk /dev/sdf
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): t
No partition is defined yet!

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-195, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-195, default 195):
Using default value 195

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L

 0  Empty           1e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix       bf  Solaris
 1  FAT12           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          82  Linux swap / So c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  83  Linux           c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     84  OS/2 hidden C:  c7  Syrinx
 5  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   85  Linux extended  da  Non-FS data
 6  FAT16           42  SFS             86  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS       4d  QNX4.x          87  NTFS volume set de  Dell Utility
 8  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 88  Linux plaintext df  BootIt
 9  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 8e  Linux LVM       e1  DOS access
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      93  Amoeba          e3  DOS R/O
 b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 94  Amoeba BBT      e4  SpeedStor
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            9f  BSD/OS          eb  BeOS fs
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a0  IBM Thinkpad hi ee  EFI GPT
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a5  FreeBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
10  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a6  OpenBSD         f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
11  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a7  NeXTSTEP        f1  SpeedStor
12  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a8  Darwin UFS      f4  SpeedStor
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       a9  NetBSD          f2  DOS secondary
16  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys ab  Darwin boot     fb  VMware VMFS
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE
18  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT
Hex code (type L to list codes): 82
Changed system type of partition 1 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris)

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.



step 3- mkswap /dev/sdf1 
Step 4- swapon -a
Step 5- Add the entry to fstab
step 6- to check, swapon -s